Long-Chain Fatty Acid Oxidation Disorders (LC-FAOD)


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Introduction

Long-chain fatty acid oxidation disorders (LC-FAOD) are a group of rare inborn errors of metabolism leading to serious consequences due to inability to convert long-chain fat into energy (1). LC-FAOD nuclear genes encode mitochondrial proteins necessary for energy production. There are 6 enzyme deficiencies associated with LC-FAOD.

Transport of fatty acids into cells and the fatty acid breakdown are necessary for energy production when sugar, or glucose, levels are low. Without this energy supply, people with LC-FAOD may have symptoms that include, but are not limited to muscle pain, muscle weakness, low blood sugar, and fatigue (2).

ACADVL

Very Long-Chain Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (VLCAD) Deficiency ​

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CPT1A

Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I (CPT I) Deficiency

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CPT2

Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) Deficiency

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HADHA

Long-Chain 3-Hydroxyl-acyl-CoA Dehydrogenase (LCHAD) Deficiency, Trifunctional Protein (TFP) Deficiency

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HADHB
Trifunctional Protein (TFP) Deficiency

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SLC25A20

Carnitine-Acylcarnitine Translocase (CACT) Deficiency

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